Genetic diversity of Peruvian cotton species and possibilities of their use in applied breeding

Germplasm and Genetic Stocks

poster

Amanov, Bakhtiyar; Rizaeva, Safiya

Amanov, Bakhtiyar

Rizaeva, Safiya

Degree of a research level of evolution and genetic interrelation of cotton species and varieties has great value for the further use of the big genetic diversity at development of the elite cultivars possessing useful agricultural traits caused variety of germplasm. For development of early and highly productive, resistant to different diseases and pests of cultivars, it is necessary to study an initial breeding material and it a taxonomic accessory. Information on systematization, phylogeny of the intraspecific representatives of the species data are rather limited and isolated, have chaotic character. Therefore, questions of studying of systematization, phylogenetic interrelations and genetic potential of an intraspecific diversity of species G.barbadense L. and G.darwinii Watt. till now remain opened and actual. The ruderal, cultivated-tropical and subtropical varieties and forms of the species G.barbadense L., and also species G.darwinii Watt. conserved in the genepool of the Institute of Genetics and Plant Experimental Biology of the Uzbek Academy of Sciences were objects of the research. The identification of phylogenetic relationship congeniality of intraspecific varieties of G.barbadense L. and interspecific congeniality with the species G.darwinii Watt. and determination of possibilities to use them in breeding was purpose given investigations. The interspecific and intraspecific hybridization, comparative morphology, genetic and static analysis methods was used during this research. Application of research work using complex methods, resulted in obtaining, for the first time, new data on phylogenetic congeniality, morphological features and nature of inheritance of biological and economy-valuable traits of intraspecific varieties of the species G.barbadense L. and G.darwinii Watt. and their intraspecific and interspecific hybrids F1, F2, F1B1. New hybrid forms-donors of valuable economic traits were obtained. A new phylogenetic scheme was developed and a systematic position of intraspecific varieties of Peruvian cotton species was specified. It was proposed for the first time to introduce ruderal form of spp. ruderale f. pisco to the composition of wild forms, on the basis of morphological diversities (by branching type, sizes of blooms and bolls, weight of 1000 seeds and seed cotton, length of vegetation period, photoperiodic reaction), crossing ability and nature of inheritance of morphological features in F1, F2, F1B1. It is necessary to notice that the intraspecific hybrids will enrich cotton germplasm collection and might be used as donors of valuable biological and agronomic traits in cotton breeding programs. Therefore, the new scheme of phylogenetic propinquity of the intraspecific varieties of Peruvian species will facilitate the selection of starting material and ensure efficiency of nurture of new hybrid forms for genetic and selection researches to produce competitive fine-stapled cotton in the world market.